Scrapy是一个开源的机遇twisted框架的python的单机爬虫，该爬虫实际上包含大多数网页抓取的工具包，用于爬虫下载端以及抽取端。
安装环境:
centos5.4python2.7.3
安装步骤:
1.下载python2.7
[root@zxy-websgs ~]# wget http://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.7.3/Python-2.7.3.tgz -P /opt[root@zxy-websgs opt]# tar xvf Python-2.7.3.tgz [root@zxy-websgs Python-2.7.3]# ./configure [root@zxy-websgs Python-2.7.3]# make && make install
验证python2.7安装
[root@zxy-websgs Python-2.7.3]# python2.7Python 2.7.3 (default, Feb 28 2013, 03:08:43) [GCC 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-50)] on linux2Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.>>> exit()
2.安装setuptools,http://pypi.python.org/packages/source/s/setuptools/setuptools-0.6c11.tar.gz
[root@zxy-websgs ~]# wget http://pypi.python.org/packages/source/s/setuptools/setuptools-0.6c11.tar.gz -P /opt/[root@zxy-websgs opt]# tar zxvf setuptools-0.6c11.tar.gz [root@zxy-websgs setuptools-0.6c11]# python2.7 setup.py install
3.安装Twisted
[root@zxy-websgs setuptools-0.6c11]# easy_install Twisted......Installed /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/Twisted-12.3.0-py2.7-linux-x86_64.egg......Installed /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/zope.interface-4.0.4-py2.7-linux-x86_64.egg
Twisted要安装zope.interface,可以从下面地址下载
:http://pypi.python.org/packages/source/z/zope.interface/zope.interface-4.0.1.tar.gz
http://twistedmatrix.com/Releases/Twisted/12.1/Twisted-12.1.0.tar.bz2
5.安装w3lib
[root@zxy-websgs setuptools-0.6c11]# easy_install -U w3libSearching for w3libReading http://pypi.python.org/simple/w3lib/Reading http://github.com/scrapy/w3libBest match: w3lib 1.2Downloading http://pypi.python.org/packages/source/w/w3lib/w3lib-1.2.tar.gz#md5=f929d5973a9fda59587b09a72f185a9eProcessing w3lib-1.2.tar.gzRunning w3lib-1.2/setup.py -q bdist_egg --dist-dir /tmp/easy_install-wm_1BB/w3lib-1.2/egg-dist-tmp-2DQHY_zip_safe flag not set; analyzing archive contents...Adding w3lib 1.2 to easy-install.pth fileInstalled /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/w3lib-1.2-py2.7.eggProcessing dependencies for w3libFinished processing dependencies for w3lib
:http://pypi.python.org/packages/source/w/w3lib/w3lib-1.2.tar.gz
6.安装libxml2或者用easy_install安装lxml
[root@zxy-websgs lxml-3.1.0]# easy_install lxml
验证lxml安装
[root@zxy-websgs lxml-3.1.0]# python2.7Python 2.7.3 (default, Feb 28 2013, 03:08:43) [GCC 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-50)] on linux2Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.>>> import lxml>>> exit()
也可以安装libxml2,官网上推荐安装2.6.28或者以上的版本，但在官网上没找到，我先是安装的2.6.9的版本，运行scrapy时报以下错误
Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/local/bin/scrapy", line 5, inpkg_resources.run_script('Scrapy==0.14.4', 'scrapy') File "build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/pkg_resources.py", line 489, in run_script File "build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/pkg_resources.py", line 1207, in run_script File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/Scrapy-0.14.4-py2.7.egg/EGG-INFO/scripts/scrapy", line 4, in execute() File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/Scrapy-0.14.4-py2.7.egg/scrapy/cmdline.py", line 112, in execute cmds = _get_commands_dict(inproject) File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/Scrapy-0.14.4-py2.7.egg/scrapy/cmdline.py", line 37, in _get_commands_dict cmds = _get_commands_from_module('scrapy.commands', inproject) File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/Scrapy-0.14.4-py2.7.egg/scrapy/cmdline.py", line 30, in _get_commands_from_module for cmd in _iter_command_classes(module): File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/Scrapy-0.14.4-py2.7.egg/scrapy/cmdline.py", line 21, in _iter_command_classes for module in walk_modules(module_name): File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/Scrapy-0.14.4-py2.7.egg/scrapy/utils/misc.py", line 65, in walk_modules submod = __import__(fullpath, {}, {}, ['']) File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/Scrapy-0.14.4-py2.7.egg/scrapy/commands/shell.py", line 8, in from scrapy.shell import Shell File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/Scrapy-0.14.4-py2.7.egg/scrapy/shell.py", line 14, in from scrapy.selector import XPathSelector, XmlXPathSelector, HtmlXPathSelector File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/Scrapy-0.14.4-py2.7.egg/scrapy/selector/__init__.py", line 30, in from scrapy.selector.libxml2sel import * File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/Scrapy-0.14.4-py2.7.egg/scrapy/selector/libxml2sel.py", line 12, in from .factories import xmlDoc_from_html, xmlDoc_from_xml File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/Scrapy-0.14.4-py2.7.egg/scrapy/selector/factories.py", line 14, in libxml2.HTML_PARSE_NOERROR + \AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'HTML_PARSE_RECOVER'
升级到2.6.21版本以后解决了。
ftp://xmlsoft.org/libxml2/python/libxml2-python-2.6.21.tar.gz
7.安装pyOpenSSL(这个是可选安装的，主要为了使scrapy能够支持https)
用easy_install pyOpenSSL安装的是pyOpenSSL-0.13版本，没安装成功，于是手动下载.011版本来进行安装。
[root@zxy-websgs opt]# wget http://launchpadlibrarian.net/58498441/pyOpenSSL-0.11.tar.gz -P /opt[root@zxy-websgs opt]# tar zxvf pyOpenSSL-0.11.tar.gz [root@zxy-websgs pyOpenSSL-0.11]# python2.7 setup.py install
http://launchpadlibrarian.net/58498441/pyOpenSSL-0.11.tar.gz
8.安装scrapy
[root@zxy-websgs pyOpenSSL-0.11]# easy_install -U Scrapy
验证安装
[root@zxy-websgs pyOpenSSL-0.11]# scrapyScrapy 0.16.4 - no active projectUsage: scrapy[options] [args]Available commands: fetch Fetch a URL using the Scrapy downloader runspider Run a self-contained spider (without creating a project) settings Get settings values shell Interactive scraping console startproject Create new project version Print Scrapy version view Open URL in browser, as seen by Scrapy [ more ] More commands available when run from project directoryUse "scrapy -h" to see more info about a command
http://pypi.python.org/packages/source/S/Scrapy/Scrapy-0.14.4.tar.gz
总结：
pyOpenSSL单独安装的时候不成功，也可以先下载pyOpenSSL0.11进行安装，再使用easy_install -U Scrapy进行全程安装